The breach occurred before renovation works got underway at Eldene Health Centre, Swindon, where NHS Wiltshire was managing a project for NHS Swindon.
Although an asbestos survey was carried out in November last year, new guidance was issued by the HSE in January stating that a more detailed inspection would be needed for such work.
A few days after the new guidance, a HSE inspector visited the site where renovation works had begun and said a more detailed survey should have taken place. A survey was carried out the next day, but no asbestos was found.
The HSE also served NHS Swindon with an improvement notice.
An NHS Wiltshire statement said: "Action has already been undertaken to comply with the new rules and we see no problems in delivering the report to the HSE. No patients or public were put at risk and no asbestos was found in the building."